Examining Brexit: Level of Analysis and Explanations

Andrea  Betti

doi:10.14422/cir.i21.y2021.004

Autores/as

Andrea Betti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-4572

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14422/cir.i21.y2021.004

Palabras clave:

Brexit, teoría de las relaciones internacionales, análisis de la política exterior, política comparada

Resumen

El presente artículo analiza el debate académico sobre el Brexit y sus posibles causas. A través de una contextualización del Brexit en el debate sobre los niveles de análisis en la Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales, el artículo examina algunas de las aportaciones más recientes sobre el tema. En primer lugar, se enfoca en las contribuciones que explican el Brexit como un problema de política internacional y europea, relacionado con el complejo encaje del Reino Unido en el proceso de integración comunitaria. En segundo lugar, toma en cuenta las aportaciones que explican el Brexit como el resultado de causas ubicadas en el nivel doméstico, en las que destacan las decisiones y percepciones de los líderes nacionales, los procesos de toma de decisión, y el impacto de los discursos políticos populistas y euroescépticos. El artículo evidencia las ventajas de un enfoque capaz de tener en cuenta tanto las variables internacionales como las variables domésticas. Esto permite, por un lado, una comprensión más profunda del fenómeno y, por el otro, una fructuosa colaboración entre politólogos procedentes de diferentes disciplinas, como la Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales y la Política Comparada.

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