Afganistán pos-2014: las implicaciones para la estabilidad de la periferia meridional de Rusia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14422/cir.i03.y2015.004Palabras clave:
Rusia, Asia central, ISAF, amenazas transnacionales a la seguridad, ayuda militar, Organización del Tratado de Seguridad Colectiva (OTSC)Resumen
Afganistán y la amplia región de Asia central constituyen parte del «punto sensible meridional» de Rusia, un término que subraya el sentido de vulnerabilidad que siente a lo largo de la frontera del Sur. Las preocupaciones rusas en seguridad en la región se centran en la inestabilidad transfronteriza, incluyendo la proliferación del extremismo religioso y el tráfico de drogas. Moscú está inquieta por la posibilidad de un mayor deterioro en la situación interna de Afganistán tras la retirada de las fuerzas internacionales en 2014, y por lo tanto ha tomado medidas para reforzar de diversos modos la seguridad tanto de Afganistán como de sus vecinos de Asia central. Este artículo analiza los conductores de la política rusa y valora sus percepciones sobre la amenaza y seguridad en la región, centrándose en particular en las implicaciones para Rusia del retiro de la operación internacional de estabilidad (ISAF) en Afganistán.
Descargas
Citas
Afghan leader vows to prevent anyone in Afghanistan threatening Russia – Kremlin. (2013, September 13). Interfax news agency. Bishkek: BBC Monitoring.
Afghan Narcotrafficking: A Joint Threat Assessment. (2013, April). Joint US-Russia Working Group on Afghan Narcotrafficking. EastWest Institute.
Aleksandrov, A. (2013, September 25). ‘Deystvovat’ na operezheniye. Krasnaya Zvezda.
Banned religious group challenges Tajik-Russian pact on military base. (2013, September 26). Ozodagon news agency. Dushanbe: BBC Monitoring.
Bisenbaev, A. (2011). Nye vmeste: Rossiya i stranyi Tsentralnoi Azii. Moscow: Piter.
Brilev, S. (2013, November 9). Sergei Shoigu: nasha armiya dolzhna ponyat’, na chto sposobna. Vesti. Retrieved from http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=1152052
Chechen “embassy” opens in Taleban’s Kabul. (2000, January 23). Afghanistan news Center. Retrieved from http://www.afghanistannewscenter.com/news/2000/january/jan23d2000.htm
Chernenko, Y. (2013, October 7). Talibanu natroye skazali. Kommersant. Retrieved from http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2313743
De Haas, M. (2010). Russia’s Foreign Security Policy in the 21st Century: Putin, Medvedev and Beyond. London: Routledge.
Expert says ISI likely to expand to Central Asia. (2014, September 22). Uznews.net. BBC Monitoring.
Hamdard, H. (2013, October 30). Border security deal inked with Russia. Pahjwok Afghan News. Retrieved from http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2013/10/30/border-security-deal-inked-russia
International terrorism major threat for Russia – security Chief. (2011, September 22). Russia Today. Retrieved from http://rt.com/politics/security-world-hold-meeting-093/
Ivanov, A. & Shulman, A. (2012, November 19). Khamas pridyot na Kavkaz? Svpressa.ru. Retrieved from http://www.svpressa.ru/war21/article/60975/
Jonson, L. (2004). Vladimir Putin and Central Asia: the shaping of Russian foreign policy. London: IB Tauris.
Malashenko, A. (2012). Tsentranl’naya Aziya: na chto rasschityivaet Rossiya? Moscow: ROSSPEN.
Malyisheva, D. (2012, August). Vyivod voisk mezhdunarodnoi koalitsii iz Afghanistana i Tsentralnaya Aziya. Otsenki i idei, Vol. 1(2). Moscow: Institute Vostokovedeniya RAN.
Maruev, A I. & Karpenko, A O. (2009, November). Voenno-politicheskie aspekty formirovaniia interesov Rossii na yuzhnom geopoliticheskom vektore. Voennaya Mysl. Nº 11, pp. 9-16.
Menkiszak, M. (2011, September). Russia’s Afghan Problem: the Russian Federation and the
Afghanistan problem since 2001. OSW Studies. Issue 38. Retrieved from www.osw.waw.pl
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2008, July 12) The Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation. Approved by President of the Russian Federation D. Medvedev. Retrieved from http://www.mid.ru/nsosndoc.nsf/1e5f0de28fe77fdcc32575d900298676/869c9d2b87ad8014 c32575d9002b1c38?OpenDocument
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2013, February 12). The Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation. Approved by President of the Russian Federation V. Putin. Retrieved from http://www.mid.ru/bdomp/nsosndoc.nsf/1e5f0de28fe77fdcc32575d900298676/869c9d2b87ad8014c32575d9002b1c38!OpenDocument
National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation. (2009, May 12). Retrieved from http://www.scrf.gov.ru/documents/1/99.html
Nygren, B. (2008). The Rebuilding of Greater Russia: Putin’s foreign policy towards CIS countries. Abingdon: Routledge.
Over 8 Mln Russians are drug addicts – govt report. (2013, September 17). RIA Novosti.Retrieved from http://en.ria.ru/russia/20130917/183511725/Over-8-Mln-Russians-Are-Drug-Addicts--Govt-Report.html
Polunin, A. (2013, September 23). Afganskii simptom. Svobodnaya Pressa. Retrieved from http://svpressa.ru/politic/article/74658/
Ratification of agreement on Russian military base draws mixed reaction. (2014, October 1).Avesta news agency. BBC Monitoring.
Russian base holds anti-terror drill on Tajik-Afghan border. (2014, September 15). Tojnewsnational news agency website. Dushanbe: BBC Monitoring.
Russian border guards won’t be sent to Tajikistan - Bordyuzha (Part 2). (2013, September 23). Interfax. Retrieved from http://www.interfax.com/newsinf.asp?id=446182
Russian diplomat says concerns about Afghanistan after troops pull out remain. (2013, September 23). Interfax news agency. Moscow: BBC Monitoring.
Russian ministry proposes anti-drug belt around Afghanistan at CIS session. (2013, September 10). Interfax news agency, Moscow: BBC Monitoring.
Russian official hails joint efforts to combat drug trafficking in Central Asia. (2013, October 25). NTV. Moscow: BBC Monitoring.
Russian-led security bloc will help Tajikistan strength Afghan border – Putin. (2013, Septem- ber 23). Interfax news agency. Moscow: BBC Monitoring.
Safronov, I., Chernenko, E. & Karabekov, K. (2013, October 2). Rossiya vooruzhit Kirgiziyu i Tajikistan. Kommersant. Retrieved from http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2309780
Siberian Anti-Drug Police Chief Caught Selling Heroin. (2013, October 7). RIA Novosti. Retrieved from http://en.ria.ru/crime/20131007/183983712/Siberian-Anti-Drug-Police-Chief-Caught-Selling-Heroin.html
Strachota, K. (2013). The Myth of the Afghan threat and a new reality in Central Asia on the threshold of 2014. Caucasus International. Vol. 3(3), pp. 49-60.
Treaty on Collective Security. (n. d.). Gov.ru. Retrieved from http://www.dkb.gov.ru/start/index_aengl.htm
Ukhod NATO iz Afghanistana usilit islamistov v byivshem SSSR. (2013, September 25). Izvestiya, Retrieved from http://izvestia.ru/news/557650
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2014). World Drug Report 2014. New York: United Nations. Retrieved from http://www.unodc.org/documents/wdr2014/World_Drug_Report_2014_web.pdf
US Department of State, Bureau of Counterterrorism. (2013). Chapter 2: South and Central Asia. Country Reports on Terrorism 2013. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2013/224824.htm
US Department of State, Bureau of Counterterrorism. (2013). Chapter 6: Foreign Terrorist Organisations. Country Reports on Terrorism 2013. Retrieved from http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2013/224829.htm
Uzbek leader notes Russia’s role in CIS. (2013, October 26). Uzbek Television First Channel.Tashkent: BBC Monitoring.
Vecherniy Bishkek. (2013, September 26). Retrieved from www.vb.kg
Descargas
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Los autores de artículos aceptados en Comillas Journal of International Relations conservan los derechos de propiedad intelectual sobre sus trabajos y otorgan a la revista los permisos de distribución y comunicación pública de los mismos, consintiendo que se publiquen bajo una licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional. Se recomienda a los autores publicar su trabajo en Internet (por ejemplo en páginas institucionales o personales, repositorios, etc.) respetando las condiciones de esta licencia y citando debidamente la fuente original.
