Climate Finance and the Political Ecology of (Im)Mobility: Displacement Risks in the Low-Carbon Transition

Paola Crisci

doi:10.14422/mig.23540.003

Autores/as

Paola Crisci University of Naples - L'Orientale

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.23540.003

Palabras clave:

financiación climática, migración inducida por el clima, financiarización de la gobernanza climática, ecología política

Resumen

La financiación climática es indispensable para la descarbonización global; sin embargo, sus efectos distributivos sobre la movilidad humana siguen estando insuficientemente analizados. Mediante un diseño cualitativo y multiescalar, este artículo vincula patrones macro de los flujos de financiación climática, marcos institucionales de nivel meso y evidencia micro procedente de dos escenarios emblemáticos: la frontera del litio de Atacama en Chile y el complejo solar Noor-Ouarzazate en Marruecos. Se demuestra que los riesgos de desplazamiento e inmovilidad derivan menos de carencias técnicas que de lógicas financieras que privilegian activos intensivos en capital y basados en endeudamiento, así como salvaguardias procedimentales, las cuales reconfiguran el acceso al agua, la tierra y el trabajo, y comprimen los conjuntos de capacidades locales. La contribución central consiste en especificar los mecanismos causales que conectan la financiarización de la gobernanza climática con la (in)movilidad relacionada con el clima, integrando la economía política, la ecología política y la economía de la migración. El artículo concluye proponiendo un giro hacia una financiación de la adaptación más cercana a subvenciones, esquemas vinculantes de distribución de beneficios y restauración de medios de vida, y métricas de desempeño que incorporen resultados en materia de movilidad y costos hidrosociales junto a los indicadores convencionales.

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