Los encuadres de la movilidad climática: un análisis del discurso de la prensa española
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.23558.029Palabras clave:
movilidad climática, migración, cambio climático, teoría del encuadre, medios de comunicación, EspañaResumen
En un mundo cada vez más afectado por el cambio climático, la movilidad climática se ha convertido en un tema de creciente relevancia geopolítica. España, como frontera exterior de la Unión Europea y con vínculos históricos con regiones altamente expuestas a los impactos climáticos, como el Norte de África, constituye un caso crítico para analizar estas dinámicas. Este artículo aplica la teoría del encuadre para examinar cómo los medios españoles construyen la movilidad climática y representan a las personas y espacios implicados. A partir de 52 artículos publicados entre 2021 y 2023 en los seis periódicos más leídos en España, se identifican cuatro marcos predominantes: alarmista-cuantitativo, securitización, humanitario y vulnerabilidad. Los discursos mediáticos presentan a los migrantes como víctimas pasivas o figuras abstractas, y a los espacios como “en crisis” o “amenazados”. Solo el marco de vulnerabilidad ofrece una visión más matizada al vincular la exposición climática con riesgos sociodemográficos, aunque las responsabilidades del Norte Global siguen poco desarrolladas.
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