The Technique is the New Subject of History: Technological Posthumanism and the Twilight of the Human

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14422/rib.i16.y2021.004

Keywords:

transhumanism, Fourth Industrial Revolution, humanism, technology, posthumanism

Abstract

The pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has accelerated digital transformation processes. To understand how technology holds sway over our societies, it is necessary to return to its conditions of possibility. These conditions respond to a certain metaphysics that was born, transformed, intensified and improved, concluding in a sort of omni-embracing language. However, technological transformation affects not only the planet, but also human beings. Within this context, the human being becomes obsolete, and a new subject of history appears, the technique. Technological posthumanism or transhumanism is the ideology that maintains and engages this new subject.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Joaquín Fernández Mateo, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos

Associate Professor en el Departamento de Ciencias de la Educación, Lenguaje, Cultura y Artes, Ciencias Historico-Jurídicas y Humanísticas y Lenguas Modernas. Área de Filosofía.

References

Anders, G. (2011a). La obsolescencia del hombre: Sobre el alma en la época de la segunda revolución industrial (Vol. I). Valencia: Pre-textos.

Anders, G. (2011b). La obsolescencia del hombre: Sobre la destrucción de la vida en la época de la tercera revolución industrial (Vol. II). Valencia: Pre-textos.

Armstrong, K. (2009) En defensa de Dios. El sentido de la religión. Barcelona: Ed. Paidós.

Avis, J. (2018). Socio-technical imaginary of the fourth industrial revolution and its implications for vocational education and training: a literature review. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 70(3), 337-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2018.1498907

Ballesteros, V. (2020). De Günther Anders al transhumanismo: la obsolescencia del ser humano y la mejora moral. Isegoría, (63), 289-310. https://doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2020.063.01

Bellman, R. (1978). An introduction to artificial intelligence: Can computers think? San Francisco: Boyd & Fraser Publishing Company.

Bostrom, N. (2005). In defense of posthuman dignity. Bioethics, 19(3), 202-214. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2005.00437.x

Braidotti, R. (2013). The posthuman. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.

Branda, C. I. (2008). Razón natural y racionalidad política en el Leviatán de Thomas Hobbes. Res publica, 20, 67-94.

Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.

Burtt, E. A. (2003). The metaphysical foundations of modern physical science: A historical and critical essay. New York: Dover publications.

Cabañas Agrela, L. (2010). La superación por Leibniz de la lógica aristotélica. Daimon Revista Internacional de Filosofia, 67-74.

Carvalho, N., Chaim, O., Cazarini, E., & Gerolamo, M. (2018). Manufacturing in the fourth industrial revolution: A positive prospect in Sustainable Manufacturing. Procedia Manufacturing, 21, 671-678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.170

Cassirer, E. (2008). Filosofía de la Ilustración. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Crutzen, P. J. (2006). The Anthropocene. In Earth system science in the anthropocene (pp. 13-18). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26590-2_3

Diéguez, A. (2020). La función ideológica del transhumanismo y algunos de sus presupuestos. Isegoría, (63), 367-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2020.063.05

Fuchs, C. (2018). Industry 4.0: The Digital German Ideology. TripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique, 16(1), 280-289. https://doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v16i1.1010

Good, I. J. (1965). Speculations concerning the first ultraintelligent machine. In F. L. Alt & M. Ruminoff (eds.), Advances in Computers (pp. 31-88). (Vol. 6). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2458(08)60418-0

Grinin L., & Grinin A. (2020). The Cybernetic Revolution and the Future of Technologies. In A. Korotayev & D. LePoire (eds.), The 21st Century Singularity and Global Futures. World-Systems Evolution and Global Futures (pp. 377-396). Springer, Cham.

Harrow, A. W., & Montanaro, A. (2017). Quantum computational supremacy. Nature, 549(7671), 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23458

Heidegger, M. (2000). Caminos del Bosque. Madrid: Alianza.

Hobbes, T. (2004). Leviatan. Madrid: Alianza.

Hottois, G. (1998). De la Renaissance à la Postmodernité. Une histoire de la philosophie moderne et contemporaine. Bruxelle: De Boeck & Larcier.

King, R. D., Rowland, J., Oliver, S. G., Young, M., Aubrey, W., Byrne, E., … & Sparkes, A. (2009). The automation of science. Science, 324(5923), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165620

Kline, M. (1980). Mathematics: The loss of certainty. New York: Oxford University Press.

Kurzweil, R. (2005). The Singularity is Near. New York: Penguin.

Latorre, J. I. (2019). Ética para máquinas. Barcelona: Ariel.

Lewis, S. L., & Maslin, M. A. (2015). Defining the anthropocene. Nature, 519(7542), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14258

Lindström, S., Palmgren, E., Segerberg, K., & Stoltenberg-Hansen, V. (eds.). (2008). Logicism, intuitionism, and formalism: What has become of them? (Vol. 341). Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8926-8

McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., & Shannon, C. E. (2006). A proposal for the dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence, august 31, 1955. AI magazine, 27(4), 12. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v27i4.1904

More, M., & Vita-More, N. (eds.). (2013). The transhumanist reader: Classical and contemporary essays on the science, technology, and philosophy of the human future. UK: John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118555927

Mosterın, J. (2007). Los lógicos. Madrid: Austral.

Nolan, L. (ed.). (2011). Primary and secondary qualities: The historical and ongoing debate. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199556151.001.0001

Norton, B. G. (1984). Environmental ethics and weak anthropocentrism. Environmental Ethics, 6(2), 131-148. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics19846233

Nietzsche, F. (2004). Crepúsculo de los ídolos. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.

Nietzsche, F. (2010). Sobre la verdad y mentira en sentido extramoral. Madrid: Tecnos.

Ortín Nadal, A. (2019). Descartes on the distinction between primary and secondary qualities. British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 27(6), 1113-1134. https://doi.org/10.1080/09608788.2019.1568227

Priest, G. (1989). Primary qualities are secondary qualities too. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 40(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/40.1.29

Reischauer, G. (2018). Industry 4.0 as policy-driven discourse to institutionalize innovation systems in manufacturing. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 132, 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.02.012

Rivadulla, A. (2015). Meta, método y mito en ciencia. Madrid: Trotta.

Rodríguez García, R. (1994). Heidegger y la crisis de la época moderna. Madrid: Ediciones Pedagógicas.

Schwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. Cologny/Geneva, Switzerland: World Economic Forum.

Steffen, W., Grinevald, J., Crutzen, P., & McNeill, J. (2011). The Anthropocene: conceptual and historical perspectives. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 369(1938), 842-867. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0327

Tirosh‐Samuelson, H. (2012). Transhumanism as a secularist faith. Zygon®, 47(4), 710-734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2012.01288.x

Turing, A. M. (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 59(236), 433-460. https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433

Ulam, S. (1958). John von Neumann 1903-1957. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 64(3), 1-49. https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9904-1958-10189-5

posthumanismo tecnológico

Published

2021-07-06

How to Cite

Fernández Mateo, J. (2021). The Technique is the New Subject of History: Technological Posthumanism and the Twilight of the Human. Revista Iberoamericana De Bioética, (16), 01–15. https://doi.org/10.14422/rib.i16.y2021.004