Constitution and genesis of subjectivity. Aporhetics of M. Foucault’s notion of subject and solutions from G. Deleuze

Abstract

The essay tries to show the aporetic structure of the conception that the last Foucault has of the subject. The author defends two fundamental theses. According to the first, there is an unsustainable aporia between the constitution of the subject from knowledge and power, on the one hand, and the creative self-experience of subjectivity, on the other, despite Foucault’s arguments that try to make them compatible. Such creative self-experience is analyzed, above all, as assumed in the ontology of ourselves, because it is in it where the mentioned aporia manifests itself in a broader way. From this area, the author also studies this aporia in Foucault’s formulation of self-practices, which concretize the supposed self-experience in the ontology of ourselves. According to the second thesis, the unsustainable aporia inherent to Foucault’s thought in these two areas requires, for its solution, the differentiation between the constitution of the subject (from the socio-political sphere) and the genesis of subjectivity (from nature considered as physis). To clarify this difference, the essay draws on different concretions of the philosophy of G. Deleuze.