The evolution of agricultural biotechnology Europe
Keywords:
biotechnology, patents, European Union, regional economics, count data modelsAbstract
This paper analyzes the evolution of agricultural biotechnology sector in the EU15, using patents as indicators of final stage in the innovation process. Different analysis undertaken contemplate the temporal evolution of the number of patents, the degree of collaborative work during their process of generation, the spatial distribution of innovative activity between different regions of Europe and the factors which can explain the observed regional disparity in terms of number of patents.References
ANSELIN, L. et al. (2004). Advances in Spatial Econometrics. Methodology, Tools and Applications. Ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlín.
BAUMONT, C. et al. (2000). “Geographic Spillover and Growth: A Spatial Econometric Analysis for European Regions”. Document preparatoire au seminaire ERUDITE PARIS XII – Jeudi 25 Mai 2000.
BRESCHI, S. (2000). “The geography of innovation: A cross sector analysis.” Regional Studies, 34.
COMISIÓN EUROPEA (2003), Towards a European Research Area Science, Technology and Innovation, Key Figures 2003-2004. European Commission.
- (2004) Commission Staff Working Paper SEC 1475. European Innovation Scoreboard 2004. Comparative Analysis of Innovation Performance.
FERNÁNDEZ DÍEZ, C. (2004). “La Innovación y el esfuerzo tecnológico en la UE”. Revista ICADE, No.66, Septiembre-Diciembre 2005.
GREENE, W.H. (2000). Econometric Analysis 4ª ed. Ed. Prentice Hall.
GRILICHES, Z. (1990). “Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A survey” en Journal of Economic Literature Vol. 17.
HOEKMAN, J. (2006). “Descriptive statistics of patents in science-based technologies”. Technical report. Netherlands Institute for Spatial Research, The Netherlands.
LONG, J.S.(1997). Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables. Ed. SAGE
MEYER, M. y BHATTACHARYA, S. (2004). “Commonalities and differences between scholarly and technical collaboration. An exploration of co-invention and co-authorship analyses”. Scientometrics 61.
MORAN, P. (1948). “The Interpretation of Statistical Maps”. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 10B.
PACI, R. y USAI, S. (2000). “Technological enclaves and industrial districts. An analysis of the regional distribution of innovative activity in Europe”. Regional Studies, 34.
PAVITT, K. (2003). “The Process of Innovation”, SPRU Paper No. 89.
SANZ MENENDEZ, L. y ARIAS, E. (1998). “Especialización y capacidades tecnológicas de las regiones españolas: un análisis a través de las patentes europeas”, Documento de Trabajo IESA 98-10
SCHMOOKLER (1966). Invention and Economic Growth, Cambridge, Harvard University Press
VENABLES, A J. (2001). “Geography and International Inequalities: the impact of new technologies”, Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade.
VERSPAGEN, B. y SHOENMAKERS, W. (2000) “The spatial dimension of knowledge spillovers in Europe: Evidence from firm patenting data”. ECIS Working Papers nº 00.07, Eindhoven University of Technology.
Sitios Web Consultados
EUROSTAT http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu
ESPACENET http://es.espacenet.com
WIPO (Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual) http://www.wipo.int
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors of articles published in icade. Revista de la Facultad de Derecho retain the intellectual property rights over their works and grant the journal their distribution and public communication rights, consenting to their publication under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivates 4.0 Internacional. Authors are encouraged to publish their work on the Internet (for example, on institutional or personal pages, repositories, etc.) respecting the conditions of this license and quoting appropriately the original source.