Lengua e integración social en tiempos del creciente discurso anti-inmigración

Retos para el profesorado y el alumnado migrante adulto en la Unión Europea

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.i51y2021.003

Keywords:

adult migrants, linguistic integration, language training, national identities, Catalonia

Abstract

This article analyses the structural barriers affecting the processes of linguistic integration among adult migrants and refugees by focusing on both teachers’ and learners’ experiences in the context of an EU-funded project for good practice exchange. Reflections and assumptions of language teachers for migrants and refugees from four European countries (Spain, Germany, Italy and Poland) are set against the linguistic needs and expectations of their students through the case of a Pakistani migrant woman in Barcelona. Although language training for migrants’ labour integration and participation is widely emphasized by supranational, national and regional institutions, it is not a genuine priority in most of the countries of reception. Limited training focused on issues related to language and anti-immigration and/or nationalist discourses condition well-intended initiatives from third sector organisations. Moving away from purely pedagogical factors, this article aims to contribute to locating language learning as social integration under the lens of social justice.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Charo Reyes, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

EMIGRA-CER Migraciones (UAB)

Sílvia Carrasco, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

EMIGRA-CER Migracions (UAB)

Laia Narciso, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

EMIGRA-CER Migracions (UAB)

References

Alonso, J. (2018). Inmigración y Generalitat de Cataluña (1977-2010). Qué se hizo y por qué. Barcelona: APIP-ACAM.

Aramburu M. (2018). The unmaking and remaking of an ethnic boundary. Working-class Castilian speakers in Catalonia and the paradoxes of the independence movement. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 1-20, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1543019

Angeli, M. (2019) Language Education for Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Cyprus: Provision and Governance. The Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies. http://www.glimer.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Cyprus_Language.pdf

Block, D., & Corona, V. (2019). Critical LPP and the intersection of class, race and language policy and practice in twenty first century Catalonia. Language Policy, 1-21.

Blommaert, J. (2010). The sociolinguistics of globalization. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Carrasco, S., Pàmies, J., & Bertran, M. (2009) Familias inmigrantes y escuela. Desencuentros, estrategias y capital social. Revista Complutense de Educación, 20(1), 55-78.

Carrasco, S., (coord.) (2021). Inmigración, integración social y políticas públicas. Conceptos y materiales. Bellaterra, Servei de Publicacions Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona-CER Migracions: UAB Focus on International Migration, 9 (in preparation).

Codó, E., & Patiño-Santos, A. (2014). Beyond language: Class, social categorisation and academic achievement in a Catalan high school. Linguistics and Education, 25, 51-63.

Cooke, M., & Simpson, J. (2012). Discourses about linguistic diversity. In M. Martin-Jones, A. Blackledge & A. Creese (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of multilingualism (pp. 116-130) Nueva York / Londres: Taylor and Francis.

Commission of the European Communities. (2005). A common agenda for integration: Framework for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals in the European Union. COM/2005/0389 final. Brussels, Belgium: Commission of the European Communities.

Council of Europe. (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment.

Crul, M., & Schneider, J. (2010) Comparative integration context theory: participation and belonging in new diverse European cities. Journal of Ethnic and Racial Studies, 33(7), 1249-1268, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1080/01419871003624068

Cummins, J. (2015). Intercultural education and academic achievement: a framework for school-based policies in multilingual schools. Intercultural education, 26(6), 455-468.

Erdocia, I. (2018). Medium of instruction ideologies: accommodation of multilingualism in the bilingual regime of Navarre. Current Issues in Language Planning, 284-308, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2018.1503457

Erel, U. (2010). Migrating Cultural Capital: Bourdieu in Migration Studies, Sociology, 44(4), 642-660, https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038510369363

Ferguson, C. (2008). Promoting Social Integration. Background Paper for Discussion for the Expert Group Meeting on Promoting Social Integration, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/se6.pdf

Fishman, J. (1965). Who speaks what language to whom and when? La linguistique 1(2), 67-88.

Frekko, S. (2013). Legitimacy and Social Class in Catalan Language Education for Adults. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 16(2), 164-146.

García, O. (2017). Problematizing linguistic integration of migrants. In J.-C. Beacco, H. Krumm, D. Little & P. Thagott (Eds.), The linguistic integration of adult migrants (pp. 11-26). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.

Generalitat de Catalunya. (2009). Pla per a la Llengua i la Cohesió Social. Educació i Convivència Intercultural.

Generalitat de Catalunya (2017). Pla de Ciutadania i de les Migracions. Generalitat de Catalunya. Direcció General de Política Lingüística; Idescat (2019). Enquesta d’usos lingüístics de la població 2018. Barcelona: Generalitat de Catalunya.

Gibson, M.A. (1998). Promoting Academic Success among Immigrant Students: Is Acculturation the Issue? Educational Policy, 12(6), 615-633.

Glick-Schiller, N., y Salazar, N. B. (2013). Régimes of Mobility across the Globe. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 28(3), 183-200.

Grzymala-Kazlowska, A., & Phillimore, J. (2018). Introduction: Rethinking Integration. New perspectives on adaptation and settlement in the era of super-diversity. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(2), 179-196, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1341706

Hanemann, U. (2018). Language and Literacy Programmes for Migrants and Refugees: Challenges and Ways Forward. (Background paper for Global Education Monitoring Report 2019).

Haznedar, B., Peyton. J., & Young-Scholten, M. (2018). Teaching adult migrants: A focus on the languages they speak. Critical Multilingual Studies, 6(1), 155-183.

Heinemann, A. M. B. (2018). The making of ‘good citizens’: German courses for migrants and refugees. Studies in the Education of Adults, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2018.1453115

Heller, M. (1995). Language choice, social institutions and symbolic domination. Language in Society, 24, 373-405.

Jaspers, J. (2015). Modelling linguistic diversity at school: the excluding impact of inclusive multilingualism. Language Policy, 14(2), 109-129.

Khan, K. (2016). Citizenship, securitization and suspicion in UK ESOL policy. In K. Arnaut, M. Sif Karrebaek, M. Spotti y J. Blommaert (eds.) Engaging Superdiversity: Recombining Spaces, Times and Language Practices (pp. 303-320). Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

Kofman, E. (2002). Contemporary European Migrations, civic stratification and citizenship. Political Geography, 21(8), 1035-1054.

Kofman, E., & Raghuram, P. (2015). Gendered Migrations and Global Social Reproduction. London: Palgrave-Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137510143

Kraler, A., & Kofman, E. (2010). Civic Stratification, Gender and Family Migration Policies in Europe. EU Final Report.

Krizsan, A., y Siim, B. (2018). Gender and family in European populist radical-right agendas: European parliamentary debates 2014. In Knijn, T.; Naldini, M. Gender and Generational Division in EU Citizenship (pp. 39-59). Cheltenham: Edward Elgard Publishing.

Lapresta-Rey, C., Huguet, Á., & Fernández-Costales, A. (2017). Language attitudes, family language and generational cohort in Catalonia: new contributions from a multivariate analysis. Language and Intercultural Communication, 17(2), 135-149.

Larrea, I. (2017). Les actituds lingüístiques dels migrants Panjabis adults a Catalunya (Doctoral dissertation). Barcelona, Universitat Pompeu, Fabra.

Macdonald, S. (2013). ESOL in the UK: a critical feminist analysis (Doctoral dissertation, University of Sheffield).

Martín-Rojo, L., & Mijares, L. (2007). «Sólo en español»: una reflexión sobre la norma monolingüe y la realidad multilingüe en los centros escolares. Revista de Educación, 343, 93-112.

May, S. (2014). Introducing the “multilingual turn”. In S. May (Ed.), The Multilingual Turn: Implications for SLA, TESOL and bilingual education (pp. 1-6). New York. London: Routledge.

Meer, N., Peace, T., and Hill, E. (2019). English Language Education for Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Scotland: Provision and Governance. University of Edinburgh & University of Glasgow. http://www.glimer.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Scotland_Language1.pdf

Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation: Revised and expanded from qualitative research and case study applications in education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Ogbu, J. (1981). School Ethnography: A ultilevel Approach. Anthropology & Education Quarterly 12(1): 3-29.

OECD (2015). Indicators of Migrant Integration. OECD Publishing.

OECD/EU (2019). Settling In 2018: Indicators of Migrant Integration, OECD Publishing, Paris/EU, Brussels, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307216-en

Pennix, R.; Garcés-Mascareñas, B. (2016). The Concept of Integration as an Analytical Tool and as a Policy Concept. In Pennix, R.; Garcés-Mascareñas, B., Eds. Integration Processes and Policies in Europe (pp. 11-29). Springer-IMISCOE.

Pennycook, A., & Otsuji. E. (2015). Metrolingualism. Language in the City. New York: Routledge.

Phillimore, J. (2011). ‘Monitoring for equality? Asylum seekers and refugees’ retention and achievement in English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL)’. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 15(3): 317-29.

Piller, I. (2016). Linguistic diversity and social justice: An introduction to applied sociolinguistics. Oxford University Press.

Plutzar, V., & Ritter, M. (2008). Language learning in the context of migration and integration-Challenges and options for adult learners. Retrieved from LIAM website: https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent

Pujolar, J. (2010). Immigration and language education in Catalonia: Between national and social agendas. Linguistics and Education, 21(3), 229-243.

Reyes, Ch., & Carrasco, S. (2018). Unintended effects of the language policy on the transitions of immigrant youth to upper secondary education in Catalonia. European Journal of Education 5(4). December 2018 online first. https://www.doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12304

Reyes, Ch. (2021). La movilidad en sus palabras. Recursos comunicativos y capital lingüístico del alumnado “migrante” en un modelo escolar resistente al multilingüismo. In Carrasco, S. and Bereményi, B. A. (eds.) Movilidad y Experiencia escolar: tipos, procesos y tendencias. Editorial Bellaterra (in press).

Simpson, J. (2016). English for speakers of other languages: language education and migration. In The Routledge Handbook of English Language Teaching (pp. 195-208). London and New York: Routledge.

UNESCO & UIL (2016). Recommendation on Adult Learning and Education. France.

Valenzuela, A. (1999). Subtractive Schooling: U.S. – Mexican Youth and the Politics of Caring. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Woolard, K. A. (2008). Language and identity choice in Catalonia: The interplay of contrasting ideologies of linguistic authority. In S. Kirsten, M. Ulrike, & M. Peter (Eds.), Lengua, nación e identidad: La regulación del plurilingüismo en España y América Latina (pp. 303-323). Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert/Madrid: Iberoamericana.

World Migration Report 2020. (2020). Geneva: International Organization for Migration (IOM). Available: https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/wmr_2020.pdf

Young-Scholten, M., & Naeb, R. (2017). International training of teachers of low-educated adult migrants. In The Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants: Some Lessons from Research (pp. 419-424). Berlin: De Gruyter.

Yuval-Davis, N. (2006). Belonging and the Politics of Belonging. Patterns of Prejudice 40(3), 196-213.

Downloads

Published

2021-05-06

How to Cite

Reyes, C., Carrasco Pons, S. ., & Narciso Pedro, L. . (2021). Lengua e integración social en tiempos del creciente discurso anti-inmigración: Retos para el profesorado y el alumnado migrante adulto en la Unión Europea. Migraciones. Publicación Del Instituto Universitario De Estudios Sobre Migraciones, (51), 61–91. https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.i51y2021.003