“Miedo por los niños”, vínculo madre-hijo y trayectorias futuras de movilidad de los desplazados ucranianos en Chequia y Polonia: los niños como factor de huida y vida tras la invasión a gran escala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14422/mig.2024.027Palabras clave:
situación de los niños, personas desplazadas de Ucrania, protección temporal, familia transnacional, cuidadosResumen
Este artículo aborda la cuestión de las prácticas de cuidado infantil en el contexto del desplazamiento ucraniano en Chequia y Polonia. Las madres solteras a menudo deben cuidar solas de sus hijos, lo que genera dinámicas específicas de poder familiar, especialmente en el marco de una reconfiguración transnacional, ya que los padres permanecen en Ucrania. El artículo analiza la adaptación al nuevo entorno desde la perspectiva subjetiva de las personas desplazadas, mostrando que las dinámicas de poder tienden a favorecer a los niños, quienes se convierten en el motor principal de la organización de la vida, tanto en el país de acogida como en las trayectorias de movilidad futura de las familias. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa basada en 56 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas en 2023 con mujeres desplazadas ucranianas en Chequia y Polonia, este trabajo arroja luz sobre el tema de la familia en una situación de guerra. Aunque el estudio de la posición de los niños en investigaciones sobre migración no es nuevo, el análisis de la organización de familiares desplazados ofrece nuevas perspectivas prometedoras sobre este tema. El enfoque en los niños se aborda desde la perspectiva de las participantes ucranianas que viven en Chequia y Polonia, utilizando el concepto de “hacer familia”.
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