Procesos cognitivos y afectivos implicados en la resolución de problemas: desarrollo e intervención

Autores/as

  • Elena Escolano-Pérez Universidad de Zaragoza
  • Mª Ángeles Bravo Álvarez Universidad de Zaragoza

Palabras clave:

funciones ejecutivas, desarrollo, infancia, bases neuronales, intervención

Resumen

Este trabajo recapitula los principales conocimientos existentes acerca de las funciones ejecutivas, entendidas como un conjunto de procesos cognitivos y afectivos de alto nivel que nos permiten resolver problemas y adaptarnos a las situaciones novedosas y complejas. Se presta especial atención a su desarrollo durante los primeros años de vida y la maduración de las bases neuroanatómicas que las sustentan. Dado que las funciones ejecutivas aparecen afectadas en numerosos trastornos, comprometiendo multitud de ámbitos de la vida diaria de estas personas (rendimiento académico; éxito laboral, social y personal; salud y calidad de vida; etc.), se presentan asimismo las características que debe cumplir toda intervención eficaz destinada a su mejora.

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