«The Teaching about God which I Received as a Boy from my Blessed Mother and my Grandmother Macrina»
Basil of Caesarea and Women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14422/ee.v98.i386.y2023.002Keywords:
Basil of Caesarea, Fathers of the Church, women in the Church, women in AntiquityAbstract
The article presents in a new way the female figures found in the works of Basil of Caesarea, offering an unprecedented overview of the relations of this Father of the Church with women. It analyzes the figures of his family who most influenced him and tries to explain the silence regarding his sister Macrina. Next, it deals with the women present in his epistolary, highlighting the theological discussions he had with them; finally, it reflects on the presence of women in Basilian monasticism. It is concluded that this great fourth-century Father had a significant relationship with women that is little known and that may, in part, explain the positive vision of femininity that is present in his works despite his late-antique cultural context, from which he does not entirely free himself.
Downloads
References
Agustín de Hipona. De la doctrina cristiana; Del Génesis contra maniqueos; Del Génesis a la letra, incompleto; Del Génesis a la letra. Editado por Balbino Martín. Madrid: BAC, 1957.
Ambrosio de Milán. El paraíso; Caín y Abel; Noé. Editado por Agustín López Kindler. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2013.
Basilio de Cesarea. A los jóvenes. Cómo sacar provecho de la literatura griega. Editado por Francisco Antonio García Romero. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2011.
Basilio de Cesarea. Le regole: Regualae fusius tractatae, Regulae brevius tractatae. Editado por Lisa Cremaschi. Magnano (BI): Qiqajon, 1993.
Basilio de Cesarea. Letters and Selected Works. A Select library of the Nicene and post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church 8. Editado por Philip Schaaf. Grand Rapids: Eedrmans, 1894, reprint 1978-1980.
Basilio de Cesarea. Lettres. Editado por Yves Courtonne. Paris: Les Belles Letters, 1957.
Basilio de Cesarea. Omelie sui salmi. Editado por Adriana Regaldo Raccone. Alba (CN): Edizioni Paoline, 1965.
Basilio de Cesarea. Omelie sull’Esamerone e di argomento vario. Editado por Vito Limone, y Francesco Trisoglio. Milano: Bompiani, 2017.
Basilio de Cesarea. Panegíricos a los mártires; Homilías contra las pasiones. Editado por María Alejandra Valdés García. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2007.
Basilio de Cesarea. Reglas Morales. Editado por Alberto Capboscq. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2015.
Bernardi, Jean. Gregorio di Nazianzo: Teologo e poeta nell’età d’oro della patristica. Roma: Cittá Nuova, 1997.
Børresen, Kari Elisabeth, y Emanuela Prinzivalli, eds. Le donne nello sguardo degli antichi autori cristiani: L’uso dei testi biblici nella costruzione dei modelli femminili e la riflessione teologica dal I al VII secolo. La Bibbia e le donne 5.1. Il pozzo di Giacobbe: Trapani, 2013.
Bouyer, Louis. La spiritualità dei Padri (III-VI secolo): Monachesimo antico e Padri. Storia della spiritualità, nuova edizione. Bologna: Dehoniane, 1986.
Brooten, Bernadette. “Enslaved Women in Basil of Caesarea’s Canonical Letters: An Intersectional Analysis”. En Doing Gender – Doing Religion. Fallstudien zur Intersektionalität im frühen Judentum, Christentum und Islam, editado por Ute E. Eisen, Christine Gerber, y Angela Standhartinger, 325-355. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.
Brown, Peter. The Body and Society: Men, Women and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity. New York: Columbia University Press, 1988.
Cavalcanti, Elena. “La famiglia di San Basilio”. Parola, Spirito e Vita. Quaderni di Lettura Biblica 14 (1986): 219-234.
Clausi, Benedetto, y Vincenza Milazzo, eds. Il giusto che fiorisce come palma. Gregorio Taumaturgo fra storia e agiografia. Roma: Institutum Patristicum Augustinianum, 2007.
Elm, Susanna. Virgins of God: The Making of Asceticism in Late Antiquity. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994.
Fedwick, Paul Jonathan, ed. Basil of Caesarea: Christian, Humanist, Ascetic. A Sixteen-hundredth Anniversary Symposium. 2 vols. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, 1981.
Forlin Patrucco, Marcella. “Aspetti di vita familiare negli scritti dei Cappadoci”. En Etica Sessuale e matrimonio nel cristianesimo delle origini, dirigido por Raniero Cantalamessa, 158-179. Milano: Vita e pensiero, 1976.
Gain, Benoît. L’Église de Cappadoce au IV siècle d’après la correspondance de Basile de Césarée (330-379). Roma: Pontificium Institutum Orientalem, 1985.
Giannarelli, Elena. “Macrina e sua Madre. Santità e Paradosso”. En Studia Patristica 20, editado por Elisabeth A. Livingstone, 224-230. Leuven: Peeters Press, 1989.
Giannarelli, Elena. La tipologia femminile nella biografia e nell’autobiografia cristiana del IV secolo. Roma: 1980.
Gregorio de Nisa. Éloge de Grégoire le Thaumaturge; Éloge de Basile. Editado por Pierre Maraval. París : Cerf, 2014.
Gregorio de Nisa. La virginidad. Editado por Lucas Francisco Mateo- Seco. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2000.
Gregorio de Nisa. The letters. Editado por Anna Silvas. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Gregorio de Nisa. Vida de Macrina; Elogio de Basilio. Editado por Lucas Francisco Mateo-Seco. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 1995.
Gregorio de Nisa. Vie de sainte Macrine. Editado por Pierre Maraval. París: Cerf, 1971.
Gregorio Nacianceno. Discursos XXXVII-XLV. Editado por Marcelo Merino Rodríguez. Madrid: Ciudad Nueva, 2020.
Gribomont, Jean. “Eustathe de Sébaste”. Dictionnaire de Spiritualité Ascétique et Mystique: Doctrine et Histoire, vol. 4, 1708-1712. París: Beauchesne, 1961.
Gribomont, Jean. “Macrina”. En Nuovo Dizionario Patristico e di Antichità Cristiane, editado por Angelo di Bernardino, vol. 2, 2963. Genova: Marietti, 2006.
Horowitz, Maryanne Cline. “The Image of God in Man: is Women Included?”. Harvard Theological Review 72 (1979): 175-206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0017816000020010
Hughes, Amy Brown. “The Legacy of the Feminine in the Christology of Origen of Alexandria, Methodius of Olympus, and Gregory of Nyssa”. Vigiliae Christianae 70 (2016): 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700720-12341237
López Amat, Alfredo. El seguimiento radical de Cristo: Esbozo histórico de la Vida Consagrada. Vol. I. Madrid: Encuentro, 1987.
Lowther Clarke, William K. St Basil the Great. A Study in Monasticism. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1913.
Lubinsky, Crystal Lynn. Removing Masculine Layers to Reveal a Holy Womanhood: The Female Transvestite Monks of Late Antique Eastern Christianity. Turnhout: Brepols, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1484/M.STT-EB.5.109157
Maraval, Pierre. “Encore les frères et soeurs de Grégoire de Nysse”. Revue d’Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuse 60 (1980): 161-166.
Meredith, Anthony. “Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa on Basil”. En Studia Patristica 32, editado por Elisabeth A. Livingstone, 163-169. Leuven: Peeters, 1997.
Moreschini, Claudio. I Padri Cappadoci: Storia, letteratura, teologia. Roma: Città Nuova, 2008.
Perrot, Arnaud. “Une source littéraire de l’Ep. 46 de la Correspondance de Basile de Césarée: le traité De la véritable intégrité dans la virginité”. En Studia Patristica 95, 201-208. Leuven: Peeters, 2017.
Pfister, J. Emile. “A Biographical Note: The Brothers and Sisters of St. Gregory of Nyssa”. Vigiliae Christianae 18, n.º 2 (1964): 108-113. https://doi.org/10.2307/1582774
Pouchet, Robert. Basile le Grand et son univers d’amis d’après sa correspondance : une stratégie de communion. Roma: Institutum Patristicum Augustinianum, 1992.
Ruether Radford, Rosemary. Religion and Sexism. Images of Woman in the Jewish and Christian Traditions. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1974.
Sfameni Gasparro, Giulia. “La donna nell’esegesi patristica di Gen 1-3”. En La donna nel pensiero cristiano antico, dirigido por Ugo Mattioli, 17-50. Genova: Marietti, 1992.
Silvas, Anna M. Macrina the Younger, Philosopher of God. Turnhout: Brepols, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1484/M.MWTC-EB.5.106973
Simonetti, Manlio. “Gregorio il Taumaturgo e Origene”. En Il giusto che fiorisce come palma. Gregorio Taumaturgo fra storia e agiografia, editado por Benedetto Clausi, y Vincenza Milazzo, 19-30. Roma: Augustinianum, 2007.
Sunberg, Carla D. The Cappadocian Mothers: Deification Exemplified in the Writings of Basil. Gregory, and Gregory. Eugene (OR): Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvj4svtk
Tertuliano. L’eleganza delle donne. Editado por Sandra Isetta. Firenze: Nardini, 1986.
Torres Prieto, Juana María. “Tipología femenina en las Epístolas de San Basilio. Principios teóricos y manifestación práctica”. Studia Historica: Historia antigua 4 (1986): 227-234.
Trisoglio, Francesco. Basilio il Grande si presenta. La vita, l’azione, le opere. Grottaferrata: Monastero esarchico, 2004.
Van Dam, Raymond. Families and Friends in Late Roman Cappadocia. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 2003.
Vizmanos, Francisco de B. Las vírgenes cristianas de la Iglesia primitiva. Madrid: BAC, 1949.
Zorzi, Benedetta Selene. Al di là del genio femminile: Donne e genere nella storia della teologia cristiana. Roma: Carocci, 2014.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Estudios Eclesiásticos. Revista de investigación e información teológica y canónica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors in Estudios Eclesiásticos retain the intellectual property rights over their works and grant the journal their distribution and public communication rights, consenting to their publication under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivates 4.0 Internacional. Authors are encouraged to publish their work on the Internet (for example, on institutional or personal pages, repositories, etc.) respecting the conditions of this license and quoting appropriately the original source.
